fix(addon): harden token bridge and deliver the passphrase to the add-on (#953)

[aaspinwall]

What changed?

Hardening of the add-on "token bridge" — the content script that relays messages from the Send web app to the privileged background (OIDC tokens, the encryption passphrase, sign-in/out).

1. Bridge security (closes #953):

• token-bridge.js forwarded window.postMessages straight to the background. It ran on <all_urls> with its sender checks commented out. It now rejects messages unless e.source === window and e.origin === window.location.origin.
• manifest.json content_scripts.matches scoped to the app origins (send.tb.pro, send-stage.tb.pro, localhost); build.sh strips http://localhost/* from production builds so a released add-on never trusts a localhost page. Removed a dead debug block.

2. Passphrase delivery to popup/background (see #712):

• Only the management page pulled the bridged passphrase into the keychain, so an upload from the popup/background could find none. Extracted pullBridgedPassphrase() and call it inside restoreKeysUsingLocalStorage (which the popup and background already call), so neither depends on the management page having run the transfer.

AI disclosure: implemented with Claude Code (an AI agent) under my direction and review; reviewed by independent agent passes.

Why?

The bridge relayed secrets to the privileged background but trusted any page/frame and injected everywhere (#953), and the shared passphrase didn't reach the upload popup (#712).

Scope note

Passphrase encryption at rest was originally bundled here but has been split into its own PR — it's incompatible with the dev e2e's cross-session storageState reuse (which can't carry the IndexedDB key) and needs a dedicated e2e rework. This PR contains only the bridge hardening + delivery, which don't change the passphrase storage format.

Verification

Frontend unit suite green; tsc clean for changed files; bridge origin-scoping + pullBridgedPassphrase covered by unit tests and real-browser checks. e2e is unaffected by these changes (no storage-format change).

Applicable Issues

Closes #953
Related: #712

[aaspinwall]

CodeQL note (for reviewers): the one red CodeQL check flags js/clear-text-storage-of-sensitive-data (high) at packages/send/frontend/src/lib/storage/LocalStorage.ts:24 — the passphrase stored in localStorage as clear text.

• This is pre-existing on main (open alert Validate that send was migrated correctly #2, created 2025-10-10); it is not introduced by this PR. It surfaces as "new" only because this PR's pullBridgedPassphrase → storePassPhrase adds another dataflow into the same, unchanged cleartext sink.
• The actual fix is WIP: fix(addon): encrypt the Send passphrase at rest (#549) #982 (encrypt the passphrase at rest), which removes the cleartext sink at storePassPhrase. WIP: fix(addon): encrypt the Send passphrase at rest (#549) #982 is drafted but blocked on a dev-e2e rework (Playwright storageState can't carry the IndexedDB key), so the encryption was descoped from this PR to keep the reviewed bridge hardening + delivery mergeable with a green e2e.
• All e2e (end-to-end-tests, end-to-end-bucket-tests), frontend, integration, and the CodeQL Analyze jobs pass on this PR.

Suggest merging on the green functional checks and tracking the cleartext alert via #982 rather than blocking here.